October 27
97
To placate the Praetorians of Germany, Nerva of Rome adopts Trajan, the Spanish-born governor of lower Germany.
1553
Michael Servetus, who discovered the pulmonary circulation of the blood, is burned for heresy in Switzerland.
1612
A Polish army that invaded Russia capitulates to Prince Dimitri Pojarski and his Cossacks.
1791
President George Washington transmits to Congress the results of the first US census, exclusive of South Carolina which had not yet submitted its findings.
1806
Emperor Napoleon enters Berlin.
1809
President James Madison orders the annexation of the western part of West Florida. Settlers there had rebelled against Spanish authority.
1862
A Confederate force is routed at the Battle of Georgia Landing, near Bayou Lafourche in Louisiana.
1870
The French fortress of Metz surrenders to the Prussian Army.
1873
Farmer Joseph F. Glidden applies for a patent on barbed wire. Glidden eventually received five patents and is generally considered the inventor of barbed wire.
1891
D. B. Downing, inventor, is awarded a patent for the street letter (mail) box.
1904
The New York subway officially opens running from the Brooklyn Bridge uptown to Broadway at 145th Street.
1907
The first trial in the Eulenberg Affair ends in Germany.
1917
20,000 women march in a suffrage parade in New York. As the largest state and the first on the East Coast to do so, New York has an important effect on the movement to grant all women the vote in all elections.
1922
In Italy, liberal Luigi Facta's cabinet resigns after threats from Mussolini that "either the government will be given to us or we will seize it by marching on Rome." Mussolini calls for a general mobilization of all Fascists.
1927
Fox Movie-tone news, the first sound news film, is released.
1941
In a broadcast to the nation on Navy Day, President Franklin Roosevelt declares: "America has been attacked, the shooting has started." He does not ask for full-scale war yet, realizing that many Americans are not yet ready for such a step.
1954
Benjamin O. Davis Jr. becomes the first African-American general in the US Air Force.
1962
American U-2 reconnaissance plane shot down by a surface-to-air missile over Cuba, killing the pilot, Maj. Rudolf Anderson, the only direct human casualty of the Cuban Missile Crisis.
1962
Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev offers to remove Soviet missile bases in Cuba if the U.S. removes its missile bases in Turkey.
1964
The political career of future US president Ronald Reagan is launched when he delivers a speech on behalf of Republican presidential candidate Barry Goldwater.
1971
The Democratic Republic of the Congo renamed Zaire.
1986
London Stock Exchange rules change as Britain suddenly deregulates financial markets, an event called the Big Bang.
1988
US President Ronald Reagan decides to tear down a new US Embassy in Moscow because Soviet listening devices were built into the structure.
1997
Stock markets crash around the world over fears of a global economic meltdown.
Born on October 27
1728
Captain James Cook, British explorer.
1811
Isaac Singer, inventor of the sewing machine.
1858
Theodore Roosevelt, 26th president of the United States (1901-1909).
1914
Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet.
1923
Roy Lichtenstein, 'pop art' painter.
1927
Ruby Dee, actress and civil rights activist.
1932
Sylvia Plath, poet and novelist.
1939
John Cleese, actor-writer best known for comedy productions (Monty Python, Fawlty Towers).
1940
Maxine Hong Kingston, writer (The Woman Warrior, China Men).
1946
Peter Martins, Danish dancer and choreographer.
1950
Fran Leibowitz, writer (Metropolitan Life, Social Studies).
1958
Simon Le Bon, lead singer of the band Duran Duran and Arcadia.
1975
Aron Ralston, outdoorsman, engineer, author; known for surviving an accident by amputating his own right forearm to escape from under a boulder that had trapped him for over five days.
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